At Left is a map of the United States of America. As you can see, the dark red states are slave states/territory's. The green areas are free states/ territory's. The yellow states/territory's are open to slavery via popular sovereignty (A.K.A. if people want slavery, then they get it, if they don't then there free.) The Light red territory's however, are Kansas and Nebraska. They are both open to slavery by popular sovereignty because of the Kansas-Nebraska act of 1854. The Kansas-Nebraska act of 1854 repealed the Missuri Compromise, which said there would be no slavery above the parallel 36° 30' except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri. The Kansas-Nebraska allowed Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether they would be slave or free states by popular sovereignty.
Pro and Anti-slavery groups immediately settled in Kansas to try and swing the first election. There were frequent conflicts, one of which was when John Brown and his sons murdered five pro-slavery settlers with a broadsword. These acts of violence only served to widen the divide between the north and south, as well as the Pro and the Anti-slavery groups.
Above is a painting made of John Brown. He is in the middle of the conflict, because he sparked huge amounts of violence in "Bleeding Kansas" and because he and his actions were key in starting the Civil War.Do you know which president caused the secession of seven states before he was even sworn into office? The answer, if you didn't guess, is Abraham Lincoln. After the 1860 election results were in, South Carolina seceded. Within forty days, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas followed suit. After Lincoln's first inauguration (bellow), Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina seceded. These eleven states eventually formed the Confederate States of America.
The Kansas Nebraska act was the opening of the Kansas and the Nebraska territories for settlement. They both were undecided in whether there were going to be pro or against slavery. Nebraska was easily decided to be a slave state, but Kansas was not, there were settlers coming from all around to change Kansas to either slaves or no-slaves there was a battle to sway the state this was called Bleeding Kansas. As the picture to the left shows there was much violence and killing, this, along with The Northwest Ordinance, The Missouri Compromise, The Nullification Crisis, The Wilmont Proviso, The Compromise of 1850, The Kansas Nebraska act, The Dred Scott Decision, The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, and John Browns Raid were all essential in sparking the Civil War. The following pictures are scenes from some 
of the previously mentioned events.The Lincoln-Douglas
debates (drawing)The Nullification C
risis (drawing)
a map of The Missouri compromise
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